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Microfluidic Enzymatic Reactor for Drug Screening
Königsmarková, Kristýna ; Peš,, Ondřej (referee) ; Přikryl,, Jan (advisor)
This master thesis deals with the use of microfluidics for the purpose of microfluidic enzymatic reactor for drug screening. At first it considers the issue from a theoretical point of view – describes microfluidics as a newly developing and promising field of production of microfluidic devices, materials, biomedical applications and advantages and disadvantages of microfluidics overall. Furthermore, it focuses on an area of analytical utilization of enzymes within enzyme reactors. In the first part of the experimental section, conditions for the testing of enzymes of xenobiotics metabolism in the liver were optimized, namely the model of coumarin metabolism via the spectrofluorimetry method. The second part of the experimental work dealt with optimization of the fabrication conditions of microfluidic chips from OSTE (off-stoichiometry Thiol Ene) via the soft lithography method. Subsequently, the functionality of the produced chips was tested. Based on the results of both parts of the experimental work, an evaluation was carried out to assess the suitability of their interconnection for future research – screening of microsomal enzyme activity and model biotransformation of drugs within the channels of the fabricated devices.
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Microfluidic Enzymatic Reactor for Drug Screening
Königsmarková, Kristýna ; Peš,, Ondřej (referee) ; Přikryl,, Jan (advisor)
This master thesis deals with the use of microfluidics for the purpose of microfluidic enzymatic reactor for drug screening. At first it considers the issue from a theoretical point of view – describes microfluidics as a newly developing and promising field of production of microfluidic devices, materials, biomedical applications and advantages and disadvantages of microfluidics overall. Furthermore, it focuses on an area of analytical utilization of enzymes within enzyme reactors. In the first part of the experimental section, conditions for the testing of enzymes of xenobiotics metabolism in the liver were optimized, namely the model of coumarin metabolism via the spectrofluorimetry method. The second part of the experimental work dealt with optimization of the fabrication conditions of microfluidic chips from OSTE (off-stoichiometry Thiol Ene) via the soft lithography method. Subsequently, the functionality of the produced chips was tested. Based on the results of both parts of the experimental work, an evaluation was carried out to assess the suitability of their interconnection for future research – screening of microsomal enzyme activity and model biotransformation of drugs within the channels of the fabricated devices.
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Phenolic substances in algae
Ráček, Jan ; Pichrtová, Martina (advisor) ; Pilátová, Jana (referee)
Phenolic substances are considered to be a group of secondary metabolites, known primarily from land plants (Embryophyta). Their function is to absorb harmful ultraviolet radiation, to protect plants from grazing and to attract pollinators and seed spreaders. However, these compounds have also been reported in some phylogenetically unrelated algal groups, the most important of which are brown algae (Phaeophyceae), siphonous green algae from the Dasycladaceae family and conjugating algae (Zygnematophyceae). The aim of this work is to summarize the current knowledge about phenolic compounds of these groups with an emphasis on their significance for the biology of the species. The first part describes phenolic compounds in general and also outlines the way they are biosynthesized. The next chapters then deal with the three algae groups. The most explored ones in this area are brown algae, which contain a unique type of tannins called phlorotannins in their thallus. This is followed by green siphonous algae from the family Dasycladaceae, which synthesize sulphated coumarins and then conjugating algae in which gallic acid-based phenolic compounds have been found. The common feature of these substances is, as with land plants, the ability to absorb radiation from the ultraviolet part of the spectrum and...
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Flavonoids and natural coumarins interactions with conventional medicine
Sigmundová, Tereza ; Tůmová, Lenka (advisor) ; Mladěnka, Přemysl (referee)
Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacognosy Supervisor: doc. PharmDr. Lenka Tůmová, CSc. Student: Tereza Sigmundová Title of Thesis: Flavonoids and natural coumarins interactions with conventional medicine Keywords: medicinal plant, flavonoids, coumarins, interactions The aim of this diploma thesis is to give an overview of the interactions between conventional drugs and simultaneous use of flavonoids, coumarins or medicinal plants containing flavonoids and coumarins. Cited literature includes articles published since 2000 till 2018, that were collected mostly using online databases (Web of Science, Science Direct, PubMed, Google Scholar). Flavonoids can affect the metabolism of drugs through interaction with CYP450 enzymes, P-glycoprotein, ABC or SLC transporters. This type of interaction is particularly important for drugs with narrow therapeutic index such as cyclosporin, digoxin or warfarin. Furanocoumarins contained for example in grapefruit juice cause irreversible inhibition of CYP3A4 enzyme and affect the pharmacokinetics of many drugs. The major drug classes that have been reported to present pharmacodynamic interactions with flavonoids or natural coumarins are anticoagulants, cytostatics and central nervous system agents. The thesis also describes...
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